Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects communication, social interaction, and behaviour. It is called a spectrum disorder because it affects individuals in different ways and to varying degrees.
ASD typically appears in early childhood, with symptoms often being noticed by the age of 2 or 3. Some common signs of ASD include:
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Difficulty with social interaction, such as not making eye contact,not responding to their name, or not engaging in play with others.
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Difficulty with communication, such as delayed speech or language skills,difficulty understanding or using nonverbal cues, and repetitive language.
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Repetitive behaviours or interests, such as lining up toys or objects,following strict routines, or becoming fixated on certain topics or objects.
Other symptoms may include sensory sensitivities, such as being over or under-responsive to sounds, smells, textures, or tastes, as well as difficulty with transitions and changes in routine.
There is currently no cure for ASD, but early diagnosis and intervention can help improve outcomes and quality of life for individuals with the disorder. Treatment options may include behavioural and communication therapies, medication to manage certain symptoms, and support services such as special education and vocational training.